{"id":2826,"date":"2025-01-31T16:37:22","date_gmt":"2025-01-31T08:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/?p=2826"},"modified":"2025-01-31T16:38:32","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T08:38:32","slug":"jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/","title":{"rendered":"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Jarum adalah alat kecil tetapi sangat penting dalam dunia jahitan. Pemilihan yang sesuai boleh menentukan hasil akhir jahitan, sama ada untuk jahitan tangan atau mesin. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan membincangkan kepelbagaian jenisnya, kegunaannya serta cara pemilihan yang terbaik untuk projek jahitan anda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"748\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg\" alt=\"Jarum\" class=\"wp-image-2842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg 748w, https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum-624x624.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum-60x60.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-jenis-jenis-jarum-jahit-dan-kegunaannya\">Jenis-Jenis Jarum Jahit dan Kegunaannya<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Terdapat dua kategori utama iaitu untuk jahitan tangan dan mesin. Setiap jenis mempunyai ciri-ciri serta kegunaan tersendiri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>1. Jarum Jahit Tangan<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alat untuk jahitan tangan direka khas untuk digunakan tanpa bantuan mesin. Ia biasanya lebih panjang dan mempunyai lubang benang yang lebih besar. Antara jenis-jenisnya seperti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Biasa (Sharps) <\/strong>\u2013 Sesuai untuk pelbagai jenis kain dan projek jahitan am.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quilting <\/strong>\u2013 Lebih pendek dan tajam, sesuai untuk jahitan quilting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sulaman <\/strong>\u2013 Mempunyai lubang benang yang besar untuk benang sulaman tebal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jahit manik<\/strong> \u2013 Panjang dan halus, sesuai untuk memasukkan manik dan hiasan kecil.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>2. Jarum Jahit Mesin<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dicipta khas untuk digunakan bersama mesin jahit. Ia mempunyai mata jarum yang tajam dan kuat untuk menembusi fabrik dengan lancar. Beberapa jenis yang popular ialah:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jenis standard (Universal Needle)<\/strong> \u2013 Digunakan untuk kebanyakan fabrik biasa seperti kapas dan poliester.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ballpoint<\/strong> \u2013 Mempunyai hujung yang tumpul untuk kain elastik dan jersi supaya tidak merosakkan serat kain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jeans\/denim <\/strong>\u2013 Lebih tebal dan kuat untuk menembusi kain tebal seperti denim.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kulit (Leather Needle) <\/strong>\u2013 Hujung tajam berbentuk pisau untuk menjahit kulit dan vinil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stretch<\/strong> \u2013 Direka untuk kain elastik seperti spandex dan lycra bagi mengelakkan jahitan terputus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-cara-memilih-jarum-jahit-yang-tepat\">Cara Memilih Jarum Jahit yang Tepat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pemilihan bergantung kepada beberapa faktor seperti jenis kain, benang, dan jahitan yang ingin dibuat. Berikut adalah beberapa panduan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Pilih saiz yang sesuai<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 Nombor kecil seperti 70\/10 sesuai untuk kain nipis, manakala nombor besar seperti 100\/16 sesuai untuk kain tebal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Gunakan jenis khas untuk fabrik tertentu<\/em><\/strong>\u2013 Contohnya, gunakan jarum stretch untuk kain elastik dan jarum jeans untuk fabrik tebal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Gantikan jarum secara berkala<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 Alat yang tumpul boleh merosakkan kain dan menyebabkan jahitan tidak kemas. Disarankan untuk menukar  selepas setiap 8-10 jam penggunaan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Pastikan serasi dengan mesin jahit<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 Tidak semua mesin jahit boleh menggunakan semua jenis jarum, jadi pastikan ia sesuai dengan model mesin anda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Baca juga artikel: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/panduan-memilih-benang-yang-sesuai-untuk-jahitan-dan-fesyen\/\">panduan-memilih-benang-yang-sesuai-untuk-jahitan-dan-fesyen<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kesimpulan\">Kesimpulan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jarum jahit mungkin kelihatan kecil, tetapi peranannya sangat besar dalam menghasilkan jahitan yang kemas dan tahan lama. Dengan memahami jenis-jenisnya serta cara memilihnya, anda dapat meningkatkan mutu jahitan dan mengelakkan masalah seperti benang putus atau jahitan tidak rata. Pastikan anda menggunakan jarum yang betul untuk setiap projek supaya hasilnya lebih profesional dan kemas!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/produk.wawantailor.com\">Klik disini untuk mendapatkan panduan menjahit<\/a> dari asas sehingga siap sepasang pakaian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perlukan bantuan tukang jahit untuk merealisasikan pakaian yang sesuai dengan anda. <a href=\"https:\/\/servis.wawantailor.com\">Klik pautan ini untuk maklumat lanjut.<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jarum adalah alat kecil tetapi sangat penting dalam dunia jahitan. Pemilihan yang sesuai boleh menentukan hasil akhir jahitan, sama ada untuk jahitan tangan atau mesin. Dalam artikel ini, kita akan&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6],"tags":[215,217,218,216],"class_list":["post-2826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-peralatan-jahitan","tag-jarum","tag-jarum-jahit","tag-jarum-sulam","tag-jarum-sulaman"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.0 (Yoast SEO v23.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat - Wawan Tailor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Wawan Tailor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-31T08:37:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-31T08:38:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Wawan Tailor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Wawan Tailor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\",\"name\":\"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat - Wawan Tailor\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-31T08:37:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-31T08:38:32+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/cd3b92c6bfa81e01b5a8f637cc196ea4\"},\"description\":\"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Wawan Tailor\",\"description\":\"Sentuhan Jarum Emas\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/cd3b92c6bfa81e01b5a8f637cc196ea4\",\"name\":\"Wawan Tailor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/18c1888ad0bcf293246c689a9d7a9b4121ae348e2090c9541531ce53d7123cdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/18c1888ad0bcf293246c689a9d7a9b4121ae348e2090c9541531ce53d7123cdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Wawan Tailor\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/author\/wanzejhr\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat - Wawan Tailor","description":"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat","og_description":"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/","og_site_name":"Wawan Tailor","article_published_time":"2025-01-31T08:37:22+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-01-31T08:38:32+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg"}],"author":"Wawan Tailor","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Wawan Tailor","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/","url":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/","name":"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat - Wawan Tailor","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg","datePublished":"2025-01-31T08:37:22+00:00","dateModified":"2025-01-31T08:38:32+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/cd3b92c6bfa81e01b5a8f637cc196ea4"},"description":"Ketahui pelbagai jenis jarum jahit, kegunaannya serta cara memilih yang tepat untuk jahitan tangan dan jahitan mesin.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/jarum.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/jarum-jahit-jenis-kegunaan-dan-cara-memilih-yang-tepat\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Jarum : Jenis, Kegunaan dan Cara Memilih yang Tepat"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/","name":"Wawan Tailor","description":"Sentuhan Jarum Emas","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/cd3b92c6bfa81e01b5a8f637cc196ea4","name":"Wawan Tailor","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/18c1888ad0bcf293246c689a9d7a9b4121ae348e2090c9541531ce53d7123cdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/18c1888ad0bcf293246c689a9d7a9b4121ae348e2090c9541531ce53d7123cdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Wawan Tailor"},"url":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/author\/wanzejhr\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9znHh-JA","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2826"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2826\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2846,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2826\/revisions\/2846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wawantailor.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}